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DPDP Act · Section 7

DPDPA Section 7: Certain legitimate uses

DPDPA Section 7 explained: the limited legitimate uses where personal data can be processed without separate consent, and why most commercial processing still needs consent.

In short
Section 7 of the DPDP Act lists certain legitimate uses where a data fiduciary may process personal data without separate consent, including data the person voluntarily provided for a purpose, the State providing benefits or services, compliance with law or court orders, responding to medical emergencies and disasters, and certain employment purposes. These are narrow exceptions; most ordinary commercial and marketing processing still relies on consent under Section 6.
Last updated 2026-06-03

What counts as a legitimate use

The legitimate uses include personal data a person has voluntarily provided for a specified purpose and not objected to, processing by the State or its instrumentalities to provide benefits, subsidies, services, certificates, licences or permits, compliance with a law or judgment, medical emergencies and threats to public health, disaster and public-order situations, and certain employment-related purposes.

Each use is purpose-bound. It permits the processing that fits the listed situation, not a general licence to use the data for anything.

How this differs from GDPR legitimate interests

Unlike the GDPR, which offers a broad legitimate-interests basis subject to a balancing test, the DPDP Act enumerates a closed list of legitimate uses. There is no open-ended legitimate-interests basis for marketing, analytics or profiling.

That is why, for most websites and apps, consent under Section 6 remains the route for cookies, analytics, advertising and personalization, and getting the consent flow right is central to compliance.

This page is a plain-English summary of the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 for general information and is not legal advice. Confirm your obligations with qualified counsel.

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DPDPA Section 7 questions

Can I rely on legitimate interest for marketing under the DPDPA?+

No. The DPDP Act has a closed list of legitimate uses with no general legitimate-interests basis, so marketing, analytics and advertising generally require consent under Section 6.

Does Section 7 let employers process employee data?+

It permits certain employment-related purposes, such as safeguarding the employer from loss or providing a service or benefit to the employee, within the bounds of the listed use.