In short
The IAB TCF is an ad-industry standard that captures and transmits user consent for advertising purposes and vendors in a structured 'TC string' across the programmatic supply chain.
TCF v2.2 standardises how publishers collect consent and pass it to ad-tech vendors. It is most relevant to publishers and media businesses that monetise through programmatic advertising. The related GPP (Global Privacy Platform) extends signalling to US state frameworks.
In ConsentX
Related terms
Consent Management Platform
A consent management platform (CMP) is software that collects, stores and enforces a user's choices about cookies and personal-data processing, and proves those choices to regulators.
Google Consent Mode v2
Google Consent Mode v2 is Google's framework for passing a user's consent choices to Google tags, which adjust their behaviour and (when consent is denied) use privacy-safe modelling instead.